Keywords : Digital banking, TCCM framework, Technology Acceptance Model

Abstract : Digital banking has transformed global business practices by altering client interactions with banks, enhancing operational efficiency, and increasing accessibility to banking services for all individuals. Despite receiving considerable academic attention, this study domain is poorly organized, characterized by diverse theoretical perspectives, methodologies, and situations. This study does a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of digital banking research utilizing the Theory–Context–Characteristics–Methodology (TCCM) framework to consolidate current knowledge and identify research gaps. The analysis highlights that prior research predominantly relies on adoption-focused frameworks, particularly the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), with limited integration of strategic management or institutional theories. Contextual study indicates that rising economies prioritize client adoption of new products, while mature markets emphasize innovation. However, there is a paucity of research that compares countries. The current research primarily emphasizes adoption, client trust, and technology use, with few studies linking digital banking to profitability, risk management, and regulatory reforms, such as the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016. Quantitative methodologies utilizing surveys are predominant, although longitudinal, mixed-method, and policy impact studies are less prevalent. The report concludes by proposing future research directions that integrate advanced econometric techniques, comparative international analyses, and policy-focused perspectives to augment the overall understanding of digital banking. This review employs the TCCM framework to outline the conceptual structure of digital banking research, offering pathways for scholars and practitioners to explore emerging difficulties at the intersection of technology, profitability, and regulation.

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